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I.. MARTINO.. `Base Burning Fire Place Heater.

No. 100,539. Patented IYI/'Izlrchr 8, T870.'

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rJ. MARTINO. y Base yBurnin 'g-Fire Place Heater.

Patented March 8, 1870.

JOHN MRTINOOF rHILannLr-HIA, PENNSYLVANIA...

Letters vvPatent No. 100,539, dated March `8, 18fi'0.

BASEBURNING- FIRE-PLACE HEATER.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

' tion thereof, reference being had to the accompany-y ing`-drawings making a part ofthisvspeciiicatiom'in whiche v l Figure 1, plat-e 1, is an elevation of the front of the im provedstove and itsfender, as these parts appear wheu'arranged for use.

Figure 2, plate 1, is a top view of the several parts shown in g. ll. Y

Figure 3, -plate 2, is a vertical section through the;-

same parts as shown in figs. l 'and 2, from front to rear.

Figure 4, plate' 2, is. a top view of the upper portion of the stove, as seen by removingr the top plateand taken centrally the cover of the'fuel-magazine. i

: Figure 5, plate 3, is a rear view of the stove, with the back wall of the smoke-chamber removed, for the purpose of exposing the valves therein. Figure (5,.plate 3, is a top view of the top plate of lthe stove, showing the means for operating the two valves in the smoke-chamber. y

Figure 7, plate 3, is a top view ofthe base of the stove with its to'p plate removed.

Similar letters of `reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral figures.

This invention relates to cert-ain novel improvements which are applicable to tire-place magaziuestoves.

' It consists- First, `in the employment of sliding doors, to allow the removal of the ash-pan from the ash-chamber at the base of the stove, when such doors are made to slide laterally in a horizontal plane-aud when a fender is employed whose guard-rail would not admit the use of hinged or swinging doors, as will be hereinafter ex plained.

' I Second, in the arrangement Vof horizontal divisionplates wit-hin the flue-chamber which is around the ash-pit, in the basesection of the stove, whereby the products of comlmstiomafter descending into a cham-Y ber at the back partof the base section, are conducted above said division-plates to the front of thebase sec- `tion, and Vreturned to Athe ascending fines below said Fourth, in the arrangement on top of the combustion-chamber of a plate which is constructed with a central annular elevation, on which is sustained the 4upper ianged end of the lower section of the fuelmagazine, said elevation forming an annular contracted space for the circulation and combustion of the heated products of combustion at a point which is above the combustion-chamberproper, as will be hereinafter explained. v

V Fiftllr,- in the employmentof a fuel-magazine which is composed of two sections connected together by a flange and lugs, in such manner that while each, section is sustained upon the top plate of the combustionchamber,independently of the other section, the lower section can be readily removed from the stove when burned out, and a new sect-ion substituted in its stead, as'will he hereinafter explained.

Sixth,- iu surrounding the upper section of the 'fuelmagazine and an upper-annular extension of the combustiou-chamber by an air-heating chamber, into the lower end of which chamber air is admitted, and at the upper end of which air is allowed to escape be- 'neath an ornamental perforated cover, as will be hereinafter' explained.

Seventh, in the-arrangement of hollow columns on opposite sides of the combustionLchambcr wall, and between the top plate of this chamber and the hollow tine-base ofthe stove, for the purpose of affording ornament to the stove, and also for the purpose of receivin through them .and concealing the'rods or bolts g D b used for securing several sections of the stove together,

said columns being surmounted by water-holding urns having hollow ornamental bases, as will be hereinafter explained.

Eighth, iu constructing at the back of the annular air-chamber, on top of the top plate of the combustion-chamber, a smoke-chamber, into whichthe products of combustion en tcr directly from the combus tion-chamber, and from which the products are couducted down into the hollow flue-base of the stove, said smoke-chamber being provided with two valves or dampers, operating in conjunction with descending andascending and direct ues, as will be hereinafter explained. v

Ninth, in providing air-inlet iiues at the baseofthc smoke-cliamber, which dues conduct cold air into the air-chamber surrounding the upper section-0f the fuelmagazine from points at the -back ofthe stove, which air will become heated, and escape through perforations made through the top`plate of the stove, as will -be hereinafter explained.

Tenth, in constructing in the top plateof the stove a passage which leads from the top of the fuel-magazine into thesmoke-cbamber at the back of the airchamber, whereby gas -will be prevented from accumulating above the coal in said magazine, as will be hereinafter explained.

. Eleventh, in arranging two valves or-'da1npers in the smoke-chamber, and connecting these dampers to a v sliding rod in such manner that both dampers will be operated together-one operating as a cut-ofi` with the direct flue, and the other allowing the products to descend into the base of the stove before enteringr the direct flue; or these dampers may be so adj usted as to allow all the products to escape directly from the smoke-chamber into the main escape-flue, as will be hereinafter explained.

Twelfth, in constructing the top plate of the stove with a removable magazine cover, having a feed-opening through it adapted to receive a chute, as will be hereinafter explained.

Thirteenth, in an ornamental, removable, perforated cover for the top plate of the stove, constructed with a fixed or removable chute, through which fuel is supplied to the magazine at the upper end thereof, and in combining with such a chute a pot-cover which is adapted for containing water, as will be hereinafter cxplained. l

Fourteeth, in adapting the fines, dampers, and pipeholes of a fire-place stove, and the case thereof', for application to a fire-place having either a right-hand .or

left-hand chimney-tine, as will be hereinafter explained.l Fifteenth, in constructing a fender for a fire-place stovefhaving a removable ash-pan or drawer, with a continuous guard-rail, depressed in fi'ont iu such manner that without removing the fender or part of the fender, the said pan or drawer can be readily taken out of or introduced into the base of the stove, as will be hereinafterexplained.

To enable others skilled in the a-rt to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

In'the accompanying drawings- A represents the hollow base section of the stove, -which is constructed with a central ash-chamberfor receiving an ash-pan or drawer.

This ash-chamber has formed at its back and sides a fine-chamber, b, which is subdivided on each side of a cent al back chamber by a horizontal partition, a, as shown in figs. 3 and 7.

Each division a extends from a short vertical division, a, forward nearly to the front wall of the base section A, so that the products of' combustion, on entering the base section, are carried forward over one division, c, to the front of' the stove, and backward beneath this division; they thence pass beneath the opposite division a, to the front of the stove, and finally esca-pe over this` division into the ascending flue.

It will thus -be seen that the products of combustion are carried iirst on one side of the flue-base and thence on the opposite side thereof before they enter the ascending flue, thereby giving ofi` a large amount of heat to the base of the stove, which is radiated into the room or casing D D.

The fiont opening through the wall of the ash pit is provided with two doors (l d, which are held and guided by lips d d in suoli manner that these doors are to be moved laterally in opening or shutting the opening. Hinged doors have been used for this purpose, but they would not operate under the present improved mode of using fenders. The sliding doors will allow a fender to be used whose guard-rail is very close to the ash-pit wall. l

The base section A is sui-mounted by the combustion-chamber wall B, by two columns M M, and by two fine-pipes b'v b. The combustion-chamber wall may be cylindrical, elliptical, or prismatic. It is pro vided in fiont with illuminating windows or doors, and it is capped by a horizontal plate, F. The vertical columns M M are interposed between the offsets ou plate F and thc top plate of the base section A, an d, besides serving as ornaments to the stove, these columns have passed through them the rods used to secure the plate F and the parts beneath it together.

Behind the wall B are two vertical flue-pipes D b', which are arranged over the division-plates a3 a, as indicated in dotted lilies, fig. 7. These pipes b I1' form communications' between the ilue b in base A and a smoke-chamber, into which the products enter through an ascending spout, B, leading out 4of the upper part of the combustion-chamber, shown in figs. 4 and 5. The combustion-chamber is surmounted by the plate F, as above referred to, by a wall, G, a rear4 smokechamber wall, L, and by the upper sectiou E of' the fuel-magazine, also, by a porfin-ated ring-segment, g.

The cap plate F is constructed with a central annular elevation, which has an annular depression in its upper end, into which is seated the lower end of the upper section E of the fuel-magazine, and also the flange on thel upper end of' thc bottom section E of' thc fuel-magazine, as shown in fig. 3. This annular elevation of plate F forms, in conjunction with the lower section E of the fuel-magazine, an annular extension f, ofthe combustion-chamber, into which the lheated gases will rise, and, by a rcverberating action, form eddies over the incandescent fuel, which will greatly aid in the combustion of the rases in said chamber. Said annular elevation also affords a heating wall for an air-chamber, g', that surrounds this elevation, and also surrounds the upper sectionof' the fuel-magazine.

The out-er wall G of air-chamber q is perfbrated at its lower edge at a number of points for the admission of cold air, which impinges on the highly-heated annular elevation of plate 1", and, becoming warmed, rises through chamber g, and escapes into the room through the l'icrforations 'if' made through the top plate H and through an arched ornamental cover, J, on this top plate. The perforated ri tig-segment gis designed to serve as an ornament for hiding from view the airinlet holesi through the case Gr. This ring-section may be removable, or it may be fixed on its supporting-plate l".

The circular continuations y2 1/2 of this ring-section g, which are on the offsets covering columns M M, af'- ford ornamental bases for two water-holding urns N N, and, if pcrfbrated, these continuations (l2 (fl will allow air to circulate through them.

The upper section Eof the fuel-n'iagazine forms the upper part of the inner wall of the annular air-chambervg, aml on the inner side of this section lugs c e are formed, which, when the lower section E of the fuel-magazine is in place, extend over thc flange thereof, :uid during transportation of the stove keep this section in place. The notches e in the flange of the section E, when brought to register with the lugs c, will allow this section to be lifted out of its place.

At the back of the air-heating chamber g', and infringing somewhat upon this chamber, is what I denominate the smoke-chamber, which is of an elongated or elliptical form, extending across the back part of the plate l, and inclosed by the wall L.

This smoke-chamber L receives thc products of combustion directly from the colnbustion-chamber, and distributes the products to the base A of' the stove through one or the other of' the pipes b b. \Vithin this smoke-chamber are two valves or dampers ll, applied to vertical stems p p. These dampcrs are arranged onc on each side o f the central inlet B', and the;r are both connected by their stems p p ami crank; arms u n to a curved slotted operating-rod, S, arranged above the top plate H, so that both dampers are moved at the same time. lVhen one damper is across the smoke-chamber the other is in a direction with the length of' this chamber, consequently one damper will allow the products to descend through one pipe b',

while the other damper will cutoff the direct communication between `the comlmstion-chamber and the.,

other pipe b. In figs. 4 and 5 I have shown the relativearrangement, above' described, of the ltwo dampers. In this arrangement (see fig. ii) the products descend through the; right-hand pipe b', circulate through the right-hand and left-hand tlues iu base A, and rise through the left-haunt pipe b', and linally escape 4tlnonglrtheexit-tine. v

rlhe `stems p pofdampers l l are supported upon two conduits lr lr, which form communications between the outerair at the 4hack of the stove and the air-heating chamber (11. These conduits allow air to enter the chamber g1 at. its base, which air", like that which enters this chamber through the perforations i, is heated andconducted into the room thrugh the peribrations t" through the plate H.

At the upper end of the smoke-chamber L is another conduit, lm, whichI is justlarge enough to` create suftieient draught from the fuel-magazine to carry off from this magazine all the gaswhich rises above the coal.`

therein. This gas will'be drawn into the smoke-chamberL, and carried oil' with the smoke. The conduit fm. is constructed'in the plate H, asshown Yin iig. 3.

The plate H which caps the air-chamber g1, and the smoke-chamherLis perforated at t', as shown iu figs. Sandia', for allowing the escape of air from chamber gland it has within the circle of perfbrations i a large opening through it, which is provided with a cover, K. The said opening should be largeenough to admit thc removal through itot' the lower section E of the magazine, when it is found necessary to replace one section of magazine by another." The cover K-has a hole through it, adapted for receiving the lower end-of a chute, T, through which the magazineis supplied with fuel. y This chute may be detachable from or perinanent-l y appliedto or cast with a perforated arched cover, J, which affords ornament to and covers the exposed portion of the top of the plate H, as shown in figs. l, 2, and 3.

For closing the chut-e T, I vempio y a vessel, T1, which serves to contain water for evaporating purposes, and which also forms a tightly-fitting stopple. This vessel or pot-cover l1 is provided with a hinged cover, T2, which, when itis in place, as shown in figs. 1 and 2, will serve as a'handle by which to remove the potcover. This cover '.iAz givesa terminal liuish to the top of the stove.

The convex or arched cover J'is handsomely ornameuted and perfin'ated, and allows a'free escape of air through it into the room. -It is bodily removable from the stove, and must be removed in order to take ont the lower fuel-magazine section.

Directly over the two flue-pipes i1 b are holes surrounded by pipe-collars, which latter are constructed upon the plate H, and either-ot' which is adapted for receiving the exit-pipe that leads into the chimneyflue. One of the said holes should be closed by a plug, \V, shown iug. 6.

'.lhere is also on top of plate H the curved damperrod S, which is suitably connected to said plate, and allowed toreceive endwise motion.

The wrist-pins on crank-arms n n., of damper-stems p p, play in curved slots made through the rod S, so that both dempers can be conveniently and positively operated by grasping the front end S2 of 4said rod, and moving it.

` The back of the stove, or all that port-ion of the stove which is within the fire-place, is inclosed by a ease, D, applied to the frame or lire-.board D', and constructed 4entirely of sheet metal, er partly of thelatter and cast-iron.

This caseiis arched on top, and provided w-ith openings, closed when desired, by a register-slide, d', for allowing heated air to be conducted from the said case into an upper apartment.

The slide d is movedil'om without b'y a` lever, S, forked as shown in iig. 2.l l i i Directly over, and coinciding with the' verticalcen ters ofthe -pipes b b', holes v are made, vthrough the arched top of case D, either of which holes, but not both at the same time, can be closed by the doubleheaded slide d, iig.,2.

In the drawings it will be seen that the 4hole o, corresponding to the ascending flue-pipe b', is left open, and the hole corresponding with the descending fluepipe b' and the plug W', is closed.

For each one of the pipe-holes v an arm-hole is ,malle through the case-crown D, which holes allow workmen to get their arms through the case to adjust the tlne-pipe or other part, after the stove and case are arranged within the tire-place. The armholes are `closed by slides U U, eshown in fig. 2.`

At `the bottom of thecase D openings are made through a gallery, C, on top of the base section A, for the admission of cold air from without into the case to be warmed.

These openings are closed, when desired, hy slides UC' C", which are connected together by links c, so that all the slides will move together.

By these means, it will be seen that all communication between the outside air and the air in the room land case D can be cut olf, -or when desired the fresh air from wit-hout can be conducted into the case to he warmed. It is a well-'known fact that a caserD, which is fitti d into the fireplace, does not of itself prevent the escape of heated air into the chimney-flue, and that a large amount of heat is in this way lost.

By providing the air-inlets, which conduct cold air from without into the case, with a register, by means of which said air-inlets can be sluit, it is obvious that all the air heated around the stove will escape into the room, or it' the 11e-gister fl is open, will escape in part into an upper room.

In figs. l, 2 and 3, I have shown au improved fender for a tire-place stove, which fender is constructed with a base, A', and also with a 'continuous guard-rail, a a2, the front portion at of which is depressed below the two side portionslt2 ai, to such a degree as. will allow the'removal of the ash-drawer or ash-pan from the ash-'pit without removing any portion of the fender.

The guard-rail thus constructed serves all the purposes o fa fcmler-guard, and presents a very neat, ornamental appearance.

It will be seen from the above description that` the stove and its case D are adapted for tire-places, the il'ues of which may he' either upon the right or lefthand side.-

The plug W, shown in lig. (i, is used to stop up one or -tl1e.otl1er of the escape-passages for smoke, and the sliding cover d, shown in fig. 2, is used to close one or the otl1e1ot` the pipe-holes through the crown of the case I). The two arm-holes and slides V V are arranged in such relation to the respective holes t', as will allow a pipe to be conveniently adjusted to either one of these holes t'.

tion beneath a right or left-hand chimney-due.

hold of the lug x', on the right-hand side of the stove, or it' desirable a hole may be made through the seetion on which this lug is formed, for receiving a hook oh the end f a rod adapted to serve as a handle, or a rod may be connected permanently to the luga', land extend outwardly far enough to serve as a. han dle by which to move the said slides.

The letters t t areV window erdoor-openings made through the section B.

Having described my invention,

The dempers l l are of conrsefadapted for optn'a` The register-slides C may be actuated by taking I What I claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

`1. Latcrallyf'sliding doors d d, applied to the front wall ol' the ash-drawer chamber' of a, tire-place stove, substantially as and'for the purposes described.

2. The arrangement of horizontal division-platesA u? a?, in the tine-space b, of the base-section of a tireplace stove, having a back flue extension or smokechamber, L, and the ascending and descending tiues b', arranged substantially as described.

3. 'lhe application of valves or register-slides C' to the cold-air openings of the ease or back inclosing wall ot' a tire-place stove, substantially as described.

4. The construction ot' the plate F, which caps the combustion-chamber,.with au annular' elevation, which will alibrd a raised support for the magazine section E, and form in conjunction with this section an annular combustion-space, f, substantially as described.

5. A fuel-irragaziue, conrposed of two sections E E', connected together' by a ilange, aud the latter held in place by lugs, and sustained substantially as described.

(i. The air-heating -chamber g', formed above the conrbustion-ehamber B, by means ot' the parts G, F, and E, substantially as described.

7. The water evaporator-s N N, mounted upon hollow perforated bases g", and arranged on opposite sides of the upper seetron ot' the stove, substantially as described.'

8. The smoke-chamberL, constructed at the back ofthe air-chamber 1/, and between the two plates F H, and in cormnunicatien with the combustion-chamber B and the flue b, in base substantially as described.

9. The air-inlettlues r r, in combination with smokechamber L aud air-heating chamber gl, substantially as described.

10. The gas-passage nl, constructed in the top plate ll-I, and forming a con'rmunication between the top of -having a feed-opening through it, substantially as described. h

13. A. removable perforated cover J, having a feedchute applied to it, in combination with a iced-opening through the top plate ot' the magazine, substantially as described.

14. Adapting the lues, dampers, and pipe-holes of a tire-place stove, for application to either a right or left-hand chimney-tine, substantially as described.

15. A continuous guard-'rail fender, having the front portion al of its rail depressed, substantially as apd for the purposes described.

16. The pot-cover l, and its movable cap T", adapted to close the feed-chute T, substantially as described.

17. The perforated guard-ring section g, in combination with the perforations at the base ot' the airchamper case G, substantially as described.

18. '.lhel elevated annular combustion-space f, in combination with the exit-passage B', leading directly ti'orn the combustion-chamber B into the smoke-chamber L, and arranged below the baseot' said combustion-space, substantially as described.

19. Elue-pipes la' b', flue-base A, smoke-chamber L, and dampers l combined and operating substantially as described.

20. The double cover slide d, in combination with the pipe-holes r and case D, substantially as described. v JOHN MARTINO.

Witnesses: f

J Aeon R. MAssEY, J As. C. PENXYIASKER. 

